{"product_id":"until-the-last-ton-9780691265919","title":"Until the Last Ton","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA panoramic historical account of India’s ascent in the global fossil economy\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIndia is today one of the world’s largest producers and consumers of fossil fuels, driving new investments in the global fossil economy and achieving record-breaking levels of coal extraction at home. As the planet burns from climate change, this entrenchment of fossil fuel dependence has left many searching for how we arrived at this point. \u003ci\u003eUntil the Last Ton\u003c\/i\u003e provides a sweeping new appraisal of this planetary dilemma, uncovering how India became part of an emerging fossil capitalism that continues to shape the present.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMatthew Shutzer recasts the origins of the fossil economy by showing how European industrialization unleashed a global search for fossil energy in the colonial world. Placing India at the center of this history, Shutzer traces how the highland forests of eastern India became early frontiers for global coal investment, transforming this landscape into the largest site of imperial overseas coal production across a century of colonial rule. At the heart of these shifts was a legal framework of subterranean property, which redefined local relations of land ownership and social power, while tying the growth of India’s fossil economy to the progressive ecological destruction of the forest frontier.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFollowing these dynamics into the postcolonial period, \u003ci\u003eUntil the Last Ton\u003c\/i\u003e reveals the enduring impacts of colonial property on independent India’s energy history, shedding new light on postwar struggles for energy development and resource sovereignty, as well as the violent conflicts over mining dispossession that have haunted India’s economic ascent in an age of climate crisis.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Matthew Shutzer","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":43489679638646,"sku":"9780691265919","price":39.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0671\/1374\/6550\/files\/CoreSourceHub_e74b1097-60b6-425c-b225-edf9a906e7ff.jpg?v=1780869661","url":"https:\/\/ingramacademic.com\/products\/until-the-last-ton-9780691265919","provider":"Ingram Academic \u0026 Professional","version":"1.0","type":"link"}