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Melanie Klein
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16 June 2026

Melanie Klein (1882–1960) pioneered psychoanalytic practice with children and made major contributions to our understanding of both psychosis and autism. Along the way, she introduced a new approach to the theory of the unconscious without abandoning the principles set forth by Freud. In her first biography of a fellow psychoanalyst, Julia Kristeva considers Klein’s life and intellectual development, weaving a narrative that illuminates her own life and work.
Kristeva tells the remarkable story of Klein’s life: an unhappy wife and mother who underwent analysis and—without a medical or other advanced degree—became an analyst herself at the age of 40. In Kristeva’s account, Klein was the first person to see the mother as the source of not only creativity but also thought itself and the first to consider the place of matricide in psychic development—making her a crucial figure in the evolution of the provocative ideas about motherhood and the psyche for which Kristeva is renowned.
PSYCHOLOGY / Psychotherapy / Psychoanalysis, BIOGRAPHY & AUTOBIOGRAPHY / Social Scientists & Psychologists, BIOGRAPHY & AUTOBIOGRAPHY / Women, PSYCHOLOGY / History
— Library Journal
Julia Kristeva is professor emerita of linguistics at the Université de Paris VII. A renowned psychoanalyst, philosopher, and linguist, she has written dozens of books spanning semiotics, political theory, literary criticism, gender and sex, and cultural critique, as well as several novels and autobiographical works, published in English translation by Columbia University Press. Kristeva was the inaugural recipient of the Holberg International Memorial Prize in 2004 “for innovative explorations of questions on the intersection of language, culture, and literature.”
Ross Guberman has translated several works by Julia Kristeva, including Hannah Arendt.
Introduction: The Psychoanalytic Century
1: Jewish Families, European Stories: A Depression and Its Aftermath
2: Analyzing Her Children: From Scandal to Play Technique
3: The Priority and Interiority of the Other and the Bond: The Baby Is Born with His Objects
4: Anxiety or Desire: In the Beginning Was the Death Drive
5: A Most Early and Tyrannical Superego
6: The Cult of the Mother or an Ode to Matricide? The Parents
7: The Phantasy as a Metaphor Incarnate
8: The Immanence of Symbolism and Its Degrees
9: From the Foreign Language to the Filigree of the Loyal and Disloyal
10: The Politics of Kleinianism