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The Gulf Cooperation Council States
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12 September 2017

Since the oil boom of the 1970s, the Gulf Cooperation Council States have attempted to achieve economic stability and realize their development goals. Such efforts have so far been in vain, however, as the states' autocratic governments have closed off their political systems with the support of international allies, especially the United States.
In this timely and comprehensive analysis of the political economies of the GCC since the 1970s to the present, Yousef Khalifa Al-Yousef examines the factors responsible for the failure of the states to achieve lasting change in development and security. Focusing on institutional structures where oil wealth has been confined to the few, and the consequences of failed legitimacy at home that has led to dependence on foreign powers, Al-Yousef charts the consistent disparities between governance and the needs of the local population, to the detriment of genuine development.
Introduction17
Part I: The Harvest of Autocracy19
Chapter One
The Hereditary Succession System21
Chapter Two
Arab-Islamic Culture37
Chapter Three
The Elites48
Chapter Four
Institutions62
Part II: Oil Policies93
Chapter Five
Discovery and Exploration95
Chapter Six
Pricing and Production112
Part III: Development Policies123
Chapter Seven
Diversification of Economic Structures125
Chapter Eight
Human Resource Development137
Chapter Nine
Private Sector Development151
Chapter Ten
Foreign Investments and Aid169
Chapter Eleven
Oil and Corruption176
Part IV: Security Policies191
Chapter Twelve
The Gulf as an Oil Reservoir195
Chapter Thirteen
The Neighbouring Countries200
Chapter Fourteen
Iran’s Nuclear Reactor232
Part V: Towards a Better Future245
Chapter Fifteen
Repercussions of the Arab Spring249
Chapter Sixteen
Domestic Reform281
Chapter Seventeen
Gulf Unity298
Chapter Eighteen
Joint Arab Action317
Chapter Nineteen
Effective Participation in International Organisations330
Conclusion337
Notes341
Bibliography377
Index401